Why Is the Sky Blue

Great Expectations Conflicts Faced Analysis of English...

Great Expectations Essay Essay Task: Read Great Expectations by Charles Dickens and write an essay in which you describe the conflicts faced by Pip and the author’s attitude toward English society. Hailed by many as his greatest novel, Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations is a self-narrated story which tells the life of an orphan named Pip, raised by his abusive sister, who leaves behind a childhood of misery and poverty to embark on a journey to become a gentleman after an unnamed benefactor gives him a large amount of money. During his quest to become more educated and less â€Å"common†, Pip is engulfed by greed, guilt, snobbery, and pride, all of which leads to his final realization that wealth and status does not bring true†¦show more content†¦Not realizing it at first, Pip eventually recognizes the rough man as a convict he gave food to when he lived with his sister and Joe. Magwitch, the convict, reveals to Pip that he has been the benefactor giving him all the money he was so reliant on as gratitude to Pip for helping him all those years ago on the marshes. Although Magwitch is in high spirits for have finally met â€Å"his gentlemanâ₠¬ , this revelation comes as a shock to Pip as he realizes that he snubbed and left Joe, thinking he was being prepared by Miss Havisham as his benefactren to marry Estella, for the money of a convict. Pip’s marriage fantasy is crushed and for a moment he wishes that he had never left Joe and the forge he had once called home. He feels a wave of extreme guilt come over him and is thrust into a dilemma as to whether or not to continue receiving the convict’s money. In the end, he decides in the negative and signs of Pip’s arrogance emerge once again. By not taking the money anymore, Pip is finally learning to become independent, but, by the same token, refusing the money just because of the reputation of its provider is pure snobbery. Besides being the most trying time of his life, after this point, Pip learns to be more self-sufficient, starts taking responsibility for his past sins, and his life steadily improves. While Pip is the protagonist of Great Exp ectations, many critics regard this book as â€Å"aShow MoreRelatedCultural Conflict With High Degree Of Mental Illness, Anomie And Delinquency1836 Words   |  8 Pagescultural conflict with high degree of mental illness, anomie and delinquency. Robbins builds his case on the idea that adolescents’ good English learning can lead to good performance at school through learning from other peer formal language, adjust to social norms such as dress and behavior (Lum, 1993 cited in Henkin, Santiago, Sonkowsky, and Tunick 2000). Robbins’s findings show extra attention demand from the boys through misbehaving and requiring extra discipline in his own EAL class. RobbinsRead MoreRebecca Clarke s `` Cinderella No More ``3827 Words   |  16 Pagesthough now violist from all over the world would regard it as one of the principal works for the instrument of its era. This seems very interesting to me and I will discuss why it happened and why women-composers had no space in t he professional society of that time. Also, I will talk about Rebecca Clarke as one of the firs women who broke the rules in a male-dominated musical world ( she became one of the first female professional musician in the orchestra). Interest in her writing has grown aRead MoreProblems Faced by Students in Pakistan3448 Words   |  14 PagesProblems faced by students in current educational setup amp; their possible solutions 17 About the Author:  Zara Saleem  is one of the most talented students of  Hajvery University, Lahore, Pakistan. 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It is not a mere record of fact but a comment on them; it makes something new on them. â€Å"All the great Victorian novelists are humorists and each is a humorist in a style of his own†. Dickens has created countless comic figures, Mr. Micawber, uncle Pumblechook and others, are all comic, each in his own way. Finally, his creative imagination is reflectedRead MoreCase study of yellow auto company2763 Words   |  12 PagesCase Study – Sick Leave Personality and Value based Analysis of Decisions and Issues  TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY​ii 1. INTRODUCTION​1 2. CRITICAL DECISIONS​1 2.1 Key Decision 1 - Recruitment​1 2.2 Key Decision 2 - Contract​2 2.3 Key Decision 3 - Training​2 3. ISSUES​3 3.1 National Cultures and Values​3 3.1.1 Power Distance​4 3.1.2 Uncertainty Avoidance​4 3.1.3 Collectivism​5 3.1.4 Masculinity​5 3.1.5 Long-term Orientation​5 3.2 Personality​6 4. CONCLUSION​6 Read MoreCross Culture Analysis3385 Words   |  14 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS (1) Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 (2) Cross- cultural Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 (3) Aims of cross-cultural analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 (4) Hofstede and his 5 dimensions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 (4.1) Limitations of Hofstede’s model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 (5) Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 (5.1) Limitations of Trompenaars and Turner model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 (6) European Cultural Diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Read More Struggle Between Hindu and Secular Nationalisms in India Essay examples4524 Words   |  19 Pagesconcerned with these issues. India faces growing action of governing which invites the use of violence to achieve political objectives. In spite of Indias size and importance, it is hard for an American to gain an understanding of the issues and conflicts which have set the stage for the most recent revival of Hindu nationalism. The central feature of this new reform in Indian federal politics is the clash between Hindu and secular nationalists. The overview of this situation comes from the perspectiveRead MoreEssay on Indecision, Hesitation and Delay in Shakespeares Hamlet1964 Words   |  8 Pagesemphasis--of the to be or not to be soliloquy, the most famous dramatic monologue in English literature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Having speculated that the thought of death and of what waited after made many a heart tread water in a sea of troubles, Hamlet laments: Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied oer with the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pith and moment With this regard their currents turn awry, And lose the name of action

A Fathers Work Ethic free essay sample

â€Å"They are just one for five this afternoon on third down, passing is the better decision for this play.† The commentators usually make my dad scream at the television. At my house when watching football, my dad analyzes the game as much as the commentators. Although on this Sunday afternoon my dad was surprisingly quiet, I just played my 8th grade football game and lost .That 10th consecutive loss must have sparked something in my father, he turned to me and said, â€Å"Matt, no matter what you do in life whether it’s a professional athlete or the local trash man, just be the best damn trash man or athlete you can be.† My father followed his own advice. Owning his own remote starter and car radio installation business for several years, he made many friends by doing an excellent job with his work and by being charismatic with his clients. We will write a custom essay sample on A Fathers Work Ethic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I used to love taking apart the old radios when I was sitting in his shop. One day my dad just finished and was going to get some lunch, but a man walked in and said he just got back from the other shop down the street and that they didn’t install the radio correctly. My dad easily could have told this man he doesn’t take walk-ins, but my dad fixed the radio for him. I always think of this when I’m asked to stay later or help someone out. Being the best father figure he could be. Dad sacrificed his business to work at a college as a groundskeeper so that my sister and I could attend it for a fraction of the cost. He said right when he got the job that we did not have to attend that college, but the opportunity was there. Immediately I noticed he was accepted by his co-workers and bosses with open arms, and everyone at the college loved him, he came home one day with a plaque for his great work at all the hockey games. When I heard of his new success, he said it was because of his previous knowledge about the equipment he uses, but I knew it was because my dad was trying to be the best groundskeeper he could possibly be. Until the age of sixteen, I did not have the worldly experience to be my best other than at school, home, or on the football field. However, when I went into high school and was hired at a grocery store I took my fathers’ advice. After a year of working at the grocery store, the managers praised and awarded me for my hard work. I have even been recognized by the owners for my dedication and work ethic by receiving 5 dollar store coupons. I also try hard to become the best football and lacrosse player I can be. By the end of my junior year by following my father’s advice, I was named captain of the football team, and to a varsity lacrosse position. Going in to college I will still be following my father’s advice. In college I will try my hardest to be the best student I can be no matter what major I cho ose or what class I am in. College will help me be the best productive citizen I can be. I will be the best trash man or professional athlete I can be until I’m sixty, and then I will become the best chess player or bingo player I can be.

Why, despite the victory of the Union in the Civil War, did former slaves fail to secure full civil rights 1865 77 Essay Example

Why, despite the victory of the Union in the Civil War, did former slaves fail to secure full civil rights 1865 77 Essay The end of the Civil War provided America with the perfect opportunity to start again as a united and democratic country. The Northern victory had put an end to the threat of a rupture in the Union, and the future of the country had been established. However, there was also the far more significant chance to unite the country under the flag of liberty and equality, for which the North had won their devastating success. Surely victory would be useless if it was not pursued by a radical change in the situation and status of the African Americans, who, after all, had played a significant part in the war effort. Unfortunately, there were several obstacles in the way of true racial equality, which were destined to remain insurmountable for nearly one hundred years.At the end of the war, the challenge for the Northern leaders seemed intricate and thorny, but not necessarily impossible. The most important question still to be answered was what to do with the rebel states. Should they be tre ated leniently and allowed back into the union relatively easily, or should they be punished and reformed in order to ensure that Northern values and principles were extended to the South. Lincoln believed in the former view, so proposed the ten-percent plan, under which ten percent of the white voters in a state had to pledge their allegiance to the union before the state was readmitted. Congress, which was mostly composed of Radical Republican Northerners, disagreed, and felt that the South should be punished. In 1863 Thaddeus Stevens said, We have the right to treat them as we would any other province that we might conquer. However, they were partly mollified by the fact that Lincoln had eventually endorsed emancipation of the slaves.Five days after the end of the war, the problem became far more difficult, as Lincoln was assassinated and replaced as President by Andrew Johnson. An adroit, politically sensitive and discerning President, with a skill for compromise and concession was replaced by a rash, obdurate man with a talent for disagreement. In murdering Lincoln, John Wilkes Booth did more damage to the South than any other man, because the consensus seems to be that Lincoln, although he might not have had the perfect solution, could not have done any worse than Johnson. Along with the question of what was to happen to the South came the question of who was to decide what happened to the South. Johnson, a Southern democrat, was always at odds with Congress. Like Lincoln, he supported the ten-percent plan, and was willing to bypass Congress in order to implement it. However, unlike Lincoln, he did not understand the fundamental problems in the South. He believed that Congress could not legislate on issues affecting the South unless representatives from the South were present. In effect, he was saying that the issue of Southern blacks could not be decided until the Southern whites had regained most of their power.At first, Johnson seemed anxious to punis h the ex-confederates: he was disappointed that he could not hang Jefferson Davies. Then he started issuing pardons to everyone he could find, which meant that the confederate leaders soon found themselves back in government. The old confederate vice president, Alexander Stephens, was elected to Congress in 1865. In the same year Johnson signed a proclamation which insisted that all land confiscated during the war and given to the freedmen should be returned to its former owners. The blacks belief that they were each to receive 40 acres and a mule was sadly mistaken.One of Johnsons biggest mistakes was not to give the South any direction with regard to the freedmen. He believed, and often said, that as long as the Southern states accepted the constitution, ratified the Thirteenth Amendment and repudiated their debts, he would not interfere with their all important states rights. Consequently they began to do whatever they wanted to deal with the problem of the freedmen. Firstly, org anised violence, under the auspices of organisations like the Ku Klux Klan began to take hold. Secondly, states began to impose black codes, which were laws intended to supervise the lives of the freedmen. Although no longer slaves, they were being treated almost as such. In the South this was widely accepted. An editorial in a Georgia paper said, There is such a radical difference in the mental and moral [nature] of the white and black race, that it would be impossible to secure order in a mixed community by the same [law].However, in the North it was greeted with outrage. As Johnson failed spectacularly to do anything about them, Congress, under the leadership of Thaddeus Stevens, took over as leaders of the Reconstruction movement. The Fourteenth Amendment, the Civil Rights Act and the extension in the power of the Freedmans Bureau were passed with the opposition of Johnson. These guaranteed blacks the rights of citizenship, the right to vote and the support of a powerful body wo rking in their interest. For a few years, it looked as though equality might become more of a reality. In the elections of 1867 and 68 the blacks had the right to vote, and several reached positions of unprecedented seniority and by 1868 most states had repealed the Black Codes. For a brief period there were even two black senators, (the next to be elected was in 1966). Also in 1868 Johnson, after surviving impeachment charges the year before, was replaced as President by Ulysses Grant. Although equally as inept as Johnson, Grant did not try and obstruct Congress in the same way as Johnson had, and the huge republican majority in Congress had almost a free reign to carry on with Reconstruction. Why, then, as civil rights were starting to improve, and Reconstruction could at last carry on unhindered, did it prove such an abject failure? Seven years later it was effectively over, and the situation had almost reverted to that before the war.It seems that by and large the aim of the Rad ical Republicans was to create a South in the image of the North before the war, with some improvements such as black suffrage. Perhaps this aim was too simplistic; certainly it was unlikely to succeed. Not only had both the North and South changed considerably since before the war, but they were also very different entities economically, socially and structurally.For the South the end of the war had brought about a social upheaval. The abolition of slavery had destroyed a way of life, and an economy. In the North very little had changed; the war had been about ideals not practicalities. One of the first things to suffer in the South was the economy, which before the war had been based almost entirely on cotton and slavery. After the war, cotton prices fell sharply, as competition from India had a sharp felt effect, while the loss of such a cheap and readily available labour force was even more devastating. The blacks, who as slaves had been an important part of the economy themselv es, were determined not to assume the same role in society as before the war, and would only work reasonable length days for reasonable pay. One solution, proposed by Thaddeus Stevens, would have been the redistribution of some of the land to the blacks, which would probably have revived the economy to some extent, but this was far too radical a suggestion for the time. Instead, after very unsuccessful attempts to recreate the old plantation system (the Black Codes were one such attempt), the estates were divided up into small farms and let to farmers, either black or white. Unfortunately, the entire system was based on debt, and was impossible to sustain. The poor whites simply became worse off, and were joined in poverty by the blacks, who were in almost the same position.Fortunately for the planters, who were still the richest and most influential, the natural alliance never came about, and instead the whites blamed their troubles on the blacks, along with the scalawags and the c arpetbaggers. Organisations such as the Ku Klux Klan benefited from this, and even began to achieve a modicum of respectability in the South, as they were supported by large numbers of Southerners. The Southern leaders became involved to a lesser extent, mostly through propaganda. They spread rumours of corruption within the reconstruction governments and especially the Freedmans Bureau, which succumbed in 1872.These divisions amongst people in the South even extended to divisions among the blacks. There was a small but influential middle class of blacks, who did not really cooperate with the majority. The blacks created their own society, which was separate to that of the whites. It could be said that one of the advantages of the American way of life is that communities can be set up and stay almost entirely unconnected to any other. However, in this case the lack of integration did not serve the blacks well at all, mostly because they had very little political power to support the ir community. At first they saw education as a vital tool to self improvement, but as it became clear that it was not working, they lost interest. In 1890 64% of blacks were still illiterate, although this had risen from 95% in 1865. Religion became very important, but again it was confined to the black community.Probably the most important reason why reconstruction failed was simply that the North lost interest in the issue. There were very few blacks in the North, so the issue rarely entered the consciousness of the people. Moreover, the idea of actively doing something to promote the rights of the blacks was unfamiliar: many people thought that having their rights enshrined in the Constitution was sufficient. Politics, which could have kept the issue at the forefront of public opinion, lost interest. During the war politics had been something of vital importance, with the interests of the Union above those of parties or personalities, but by 1870 it had returned to the more munda ne issues of attracting votes and being re-elected. Republicans realised they had to pander to the views of the Southern whites, while Northern Democrats realised the importance of the black vote. All the radical campaigners such as Stevens retired or lost their enthusiasm, and the government decided that it would be easier to cooperate with the Southern leaders.In 1877 Hayes was elected President, on the condition that he brought about the end of Reconstruction. In fact, it was already at an end. The Northern political will had died out, to be replaced by apathy in the North and continued and renewed discrimination in the South. Reconstruction had been tried, and it had failed. Some might say that it had been destined to fail from the very beginning, and that the South could not deal with such a radical change in such a short space of time. Whatever the reason for its failure, it left the American South backward and unenlightened for the next eighty years.

Definition and Examples of Conciseness in Writing

Definition and Examples of Conciseness in Writing The term conciseness refers to speech or writing that is brief and to the point. In a concise composition, a great deal is conveyed in just a few words. Its not about just writing short sentences, though, but getting across the most important information economically, without  repetition, unnecessary jargon, needless details, and tangents. Concise writing keeps the reader engaged and doesnt waste his time with  circumlocution, padding, and verbosity. Without unnecessary clutter, the reader is more likely to understand the message, remember it, and even act on it, if thats the point of the piece. First Steps: Before the Draft The first steps in writing concisely overall begin as soon as the project starts, when you narrow down your topic to the thesis statement, story you want to ​tell, or message you need to convey. Before you even start drafting, you may sketch out ideas, necessary avenues of research, or plot points. Organize the best ideas in your outline, cutting some of the unnecessary before you even write a word. This enables you to target your writing and not waste time developing sections that arent necessary to the goal of the article, essay, report, or story.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Drafting On your first draft, the main task is getting through it from start to finish. During the research phase, you may have discarded or added some points to your outline, making your thesis stronger. The cutting can continue throughout composing the first draft (and beyond). Get through that first draft, composing your main points. You dont have to write it from beginning to end; sometimes its easier to start in the middle and come back to the introduction and conclusion, sprinkling in the perfect cited quotes or the tense scene of dialogue in just the right spot. The perfect quotes from sources in articles, essays, and reports can actually save a lot of words spent narrating. Watch the ratio of quoted material and paraphrased sources to your own writing, though. Use only the best material as direct quotes for maximum impact. Summarize and paraphrase your research (cite paraphrases) in your own words. The piece needs to be your work in the end.   When youre satisfied with the draft, take a break. Youve accomplished something significant. And yes, the break is necessary, because you need to come back to the piece with fresh eyes to see what can be cut next. Author Elie Wiesel describes the process this way: Writing is not like painting where you add. It is not what you put on the canvas that the reader sees. Writing is more like a sculpture where you remove, you eliminate in order to make the work visible. Even those pages you remove somehow remain. There is a difference between a book of two hundred pages from the very beginning, and a book of two hundred pages, which is the result of an original eight hundred pages. The six hundred pages are there. Only you don’t see them. (Elie Wiesel: Conversations, edited by Robert Franciosi. University Press of Mississippi, 2002) Big-Picture Revision Depending on your works length, your revision step may first be large-scale trimming of sections or chapters, or you may start at the paragraph or sentence level. With a longer work, its useful to take a step back and compare the thesis statement and outline to the draft. Do you have sections, points, examples, or paragraphs that stray from your topic? Do they move the information or story forward? Will the reader still understand your point without them? We often meet large-scale cutting with reluctance, so it softens the blow to have a cuttings document. You move it rather than delete it. The work is still there if you feel later you need some bits of it, but its not slowing down or cluttering up the paper youre refining. It could even be the start of another piece later. This is where eliminating some tangents before drafting really pays dividends. Roy Peter Clark,  author of Writing Tools has this advice: [B]egin by pruning the big limbs. You can shake out the dead leaves later. Cut any passage that does not support your focus. Cut the weakest  quotations,  anecdotes, and scenes to give greater power to the strongest. Cut any passage you have written to satisfy a tough teacher or editor rather than the common reader. Dont invite others to cut. You know the work better. Mark optional trims. Then decide whether they should become actual cuts. Sentence-Level: Redundancy and Repetition After youve honed your message, the sentence level is where the scissors and scalpel come in, and the hatchet goes back in the closet. First look at the remaining paragraphs for spots where youve said the same thing in multiple ways. The area is likely something difficult to explain or complex. Solutions: Take these sentences and combine the best parts of them or start over explaining that particular point.   Example: The ability of the different bird species to eat seeds depends on beak style and shape. Its form dictates function. The beak needs to be powerful enough to break seeds, and those that eat mainly fruit or leaves may not be able to eat seeds due to their types and shapes of beak. Reworded fix: Whether different bird species can eat seeds depends on their beak style. For example, seed eaters beaks are shaped differently and stronger than those species that eat mainly fruit or leaves because seed eaters need to break hulls. The moral of the story: Dont be afraid to recast sentences to condense ideas. The beak shape and style was referenced explicitly more than needed. Your reader will be able to follow along if youre clear. And concise sentences are often more clear than wordy  ones. Sentence-Level: Wordiness Next, look for sentences that are really long. Read them out loud. Do you have to take a breath? Does the meaning get lost? Do they sound awkward to the ear? Solutions: Take out explanations put in parentheses or dashes, which send a reader on a winding path. These can be their own sentences. Break one into two to three or two long sentences (more than 25–30 words each) up into three or four. Itll help you to be clear and the reader to grasp whats going on. Recast passive voice.  Example:  Following the author’s study of The Naval Chronicle, which goes into detail on the wars with Napoleon, a trip aboard a freighter from California to Central America, and his trip back home to Britain, the first book in the series was plotted.Fix: The author studied The Naval Chronicle, which details the Napoleonic wars, and took a freighter from California to Central America. By the time he returned to Britain, hed plotted the series first book.The moral of the story: The extra-long sentence has a long parenthetical in the middle of a series of items, passive voice, consecutive prepositional phrases, and wordiness. The information flows more smoothly when made into two sentences following a more chronological path than starting with a dependent clause. Rephrase passive there is/are constructions. Example: There is a rule on the books that covers fencing styles for the homeowners association.Fixes: The homeowners association has a rule on the books that covers fencing style. OR The homeowners association rulebook covers fencing style.The moral of the story: Eliminating to be verbs automatically makes your sentences better. Getting rid of there is often also gets rid of that. Cut excess adjectives and adverbs: Will your sentence be understood without the adjectives or adverbs? Cut them, if so.   Example: She walked very slowly.Fix: She plodded along.The moral of the story:  Changing the verb makes for a stronger image. Qualifiers and intensifiers are often just filler. Other fixes: ​ Cut jargon.  Your work will be more accessible if you dont make your prose too flowery. Keep it simple.Use shorter words instead of long ones.  Cut  empty phrases  and  common redundancies.   Author Annie Dillard sums it up like this in Notes for Young Writers: Dont use any extra words. A sentence is like a machine; it has a job to do. An extra word in a sentence is like a sock in a machine.

Auto Design- The retro design trend essays

Auto Design- The retro design trend essays Topic: Auto Design- The retro design trend Automobile designers have begun to create a great deal of interest in the consumer market recently with their new, retro look designs. Each year, there seem to be an ever-expanding selection of styling and design concepts, which reminisce that of the classic cars from the 1930s to the late 70s. Many new vehicle designs incorporate parts that bring to mind the appearance of the early hot-rods. There are an abundance of examples of this styling from many of the different manufactures, many of which have created mass demand and consumer appeal. In addition to small hints of the past incorporated into new designs, are whole automobiles created to meet the consumer demand for this type of vehicle. Many of the new automobiles designed share hints of retro styling. These designs bring back memories of earlier cars built in the era of the hot rods and early muscle cars. The new Chevrolet Camaro is a good example of this type of design, featuring a brand new, ram air hood design, having hints of the early 70s and 80s camaro which featured an almost identical shape. The Camaro also has an oval mouth grille in the center, reminding the consumer of the ever so famous 67-69 camaros. Countless everyday cars on the streets show retro details in their body design. New mustangs feature side scoops on its body, rounded rear windows on a Chrysler LHS, or the corrugated lower sidepieces on a Pontiac Grand Am all are designs that were incorporated in the old cars of days gone by. Now their use has been revived and is a very common practice among automakers. In addition to minor styling cues, whole vehicles have been designed as retro styled. The newest introduction probably being the 2002 Ford Thunderbird. It borrows styling cues from the original Thunderbird s well as those made later on. The Thunderbird brings, the cars...

What strategic influence does Special Operations have Research Paper

What strategic influence does Special Operations have - Research Paper Example This research aims at analyzing the nature and the characteristics of special operations and the strategic influence that they have on the target population. Special operations demand the use of special methods of employment, special techniques, tactics, procedures as well as equipment. Special operations acquire significance in harsh environments characterized by high level of hostility, denial and environments that are most sensitive politically or diplomatically. These operations are thus more time sensitive and concealed in nature. Special operations according to Derek (2006, 149) have lower visibility, work in collaboration with local forces and require greater regional point of reference as well as cultural proficiency. Special operations require very high level of intelligence and the intelligence organ must have a good understanding of the major activities. It must be capable of approving all the logistical requirements within the shortest time possible, which is usually within a span of fifteen days. The communication system has to be significantly efficient to ease collection of information from the ground as well as coordination within the staff members involved to arrive at the best solution for the prevailing situation. In operating in remote areas, according to Derek (2006, 252) special operations mostly require the use of long range and surface oriented combined firing support. With special operations, offensive actions can be either by seizing the core facilities of the people as a piece of the wide operation or utilizing a guerilla war tactic of hitting and running away to cool the chosen targets. Even though the other ordinary units are capable of carrying out such operations, special units perform with greater precision thus yielding better results. Special Forces are also capable of conducting such operations in areas where the other ordinary units cannot reach. A common characteristic of special operations is effectiveness in terms